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Zero Liquid Discharge

The scarcity of valuable freshwater resources, concerns about the environmental impact of industrial wastewater discharge and increasing regulatory controls make a compelling case for recycling and reuse. 

Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) is the next generation of wastewater recovery methodology for industrial applications, resulting in significant payback (by enabling businesses to save money, reduce environmental impact and meet legislation for discharge).

The technology used to achieve Zero Liquid Discharge, depends largely on the type of your business. However, the main aim is always the same - to purify the water up to the level that can be reuse for every application inside the same Company.

 

Further Details

Every effluent presents its own characteristics. At Ovivo, we hold the experience to evaluate the best available technology (BAT) in order to achieve the highest recovery of liquid, together with lowest running cost.

Zero Liquid Discharge always includes different steps, for example: a complex plant may include a chemical physical plant, conventional biological treatment (aerobic or anaerobic) or SBR, MBR.         In this first step the main pollutants are removed.

In most of the cases, the next stage is achieved using membrane technology (Microfiltration-UF-RO), these types of systems are engineered especially for waste water recovery with particular attention in order to “protect” the Reverse Osmosis membranes.

The final stage is the treatment of the rejected produce from the RO phase. This is commonly done by thermal technology using an evaporator plant.

 

Typical use

ZLD by evaporator systems

ZLD evaporator systems for concentrating liquid waste streams allow you to recover distilled water from waste streams, including:

  • Boiler, scrubber or cooling tower blowdown
  • Demineralization waste
  • Flue gas scrubbing wastewater 
  • Landfill leachate, oilfield, mine and plant drainage
  • Reverse Osmosis concentrate
  • Metal finishing wastewater

Crystallizing systems for ZLD reduce wastewater discharge and, in many cases, can allow you to capture valuable by-products. Typically an evaporator or RO (Reverse Osmosis) system is used to pre-concentrate wastewater. Crystallization or evaporation then produces water for reuse as well as recovering specific salts that are suitable for disposal or resale to offset plant costs.

 

Advantages

Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) plants for industrial wastewaters eliminate the liquid waste streams from your plant and allow the recovery of high quality water for reuse. In many cases, this can reduce plant water consumption by between 10 and 90%. Using ZLD systems it may also be possible to capture valuable by-products which may be sold to offset treatment costs. The potential risks associated with plant waste streams are also reduced.